ColeColeDielectric

class pmrf.materials.ColeColeDielectric(ep_inf: Any = 1.0, dep_r: Any = 0.0, f_relax: Any = 1000000000.0, alpha: Any = 0.0, sigma: Any = 0.0, *, name: str | None = None, metadata: Any = None)

Bases: AbstractDielectric

Cole-Cole dielectric: a single relaxation broadened by the exponent \(\alpha\).

Mathematical Formulation

\[\varepsilon_r(f) = \varepsilon_\infty + \frac{\Delta\varepsilon_r}{1 + \left(jf/f_r\right)^{1 - \alpha}} - j\frac{\sigma}{\omega\varepsilon_0}\]

With \(\alpha = 0\) this reduces exactly to a single Debye pole.

References

Cole, K. S., & Cole, R. H. (1941). Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics. Journal of Chemical Physics, 9(4), 341-351.

Parameters:
  • ep_inf (Param, default=1.0) – High-frequency limit of the relative permittivity.

  • dep_r (Param, default=0.0) – Permittivity increment (relaxation strength).

  • f_relax (Param, default=1e9) – Relaxation frequency in Hz.

  • alpha (Param, default=0.0) – Broadening exponent, in [0, 1).

  • sigma (Param, default=0.0) – Static bulk conductivity in S/m.

properties(freq: Frequency) DielectricProperties

Evaluate the dielectric properties over a frequency axis.

Parameters:

freq (Frequency) – The frequency axis to evaluate over.

Returns:

Complex permittivity, permeability, and static conductivity.

Return type:

jnp.ndarray

alpha: Param = 0.0

Broadening exponent

dep_r: Param = 0.0

Permittivity increment

ep_inf: Param = 1.0

High-frequency limit of the relative permittivity

f_relax: Param = 1000000000.0

Relaxation frequency

sigma: Param = 0.0

Static bulk conductivity in S/m